ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY

Hazara for administrative purpose during the British period was under the direct charge of a Deputy Commissioner who besides other duties was also responsible for the Government’s liaison with the border tribes. For his assistance a subordinate staff consisting of a District Judge a treasury officer an Assistant Commissioner.  E.A.Cs Land Revenue officer Forest conservators an S.P and DSP Police inspectors a Civil surgeon who was also incharge of Jails a Deputy Public instructor for education Tehsildar, Naib Tehsildar, Patwaries etc, etc. were also appointed. Besides these officials some leading personalities had also been entrusted with the task of magistrates of different grades and jurisdiction over their respective areas.

The basic unit of administration was a police Thana with jurisdiction over several villages. Besides controlling crimes the police was also entrusted with the ob of processing applications for Hajj as well as for Government Services during the Worked War ll. For local duties in the rural areas the Government used to appoint villages headmen, with numerous duties which includes collection of land revenue on due dates collection of the rent and other dues of the common land reporting about crimes and to caring out any other order of the Government’s was important. To check their efficiency the Government also used to appoint chief headmen while Patwaries. Besides their official job i.e. keeping revenue records were also used for this purpose. In the urban areas headmen’s duties were those of an officer of the staff of the municipal committee and notified areas committees which in 1947 were 3 and 4 respectively in Hazara.

About the administration of the British one has to admit that it was efficient due to which every district especially Hazara with nesses a period of prosperity as well as development Indeed the later development and the sound administration in this Division is the outcome of infrastructure prepared by the British Government.

The People of Hazara 5

9. MISHAWANIES.

 According to J.M.Wickely the Mashawaies are Ghurghust Pathans, descended from Said Mohammad Gaisu-e-Daraz, from a Sirani women. But, besides historical facts, they claim themselves as Syed and addthe word SHAH at the end of their names, but the Syed of Hazara do not accept them as true Syeds.

About their entry into Hazara, accompained with the Utmanzaies, historians date it around the 16th century A.D while the Gandgar area, where they dwell now a days was granted to them as a reward by the Utmanzaies.

By nature they are very brave people and were a constant source of troubles for the Sikhs. During the early days of the British, they rendered re-mark able services to the Government and their loyalty was beyond questions. At the time of the second Sikh war in 1848-49. Major James Abbott, the first Deputy Commissioner of Hazara, found them brave, as well as, his staunch supporters among the Mashwanies and described them as one of the bravest races in the world.

10. SWATIES.

                                    The swaties, a tribe living mainly in upper Hazara without exception regard themselves as Pathans. Some historians are of the view that "The orignal Swaties were a race of  Hindu Origin", but as a matter of fact, the swaties are Afghans in their origin.

The Swaties are a tribe, who besides effectively resisting Babur and Ulugh Baig ( Mughals) had produced some prominent personalities in history. For instance, one Baba Shah Mir who proceeded from Batkhaala to Kashmir,  established his kingdom there in 1443 A.D under the title of Shah Mir Shams-ud-Din Shah. He was a piousMuslim and according to historians, Islam spread in Kashmir by his family's efforts, which remained dominant over that area for more than 4 centuries.

The present Swaties in Hazara are the descendants of those who during 1703 under the command of Syed Jalal Shah, entered this area as conquerors. They ousted the original inhabitants ( The Turkd) of the area and occupied the whole of Mansehra District except it's southern corner.

In Hazara the Swaties are divided into two main section, the Ghabri and the Mamili or Mitrawi. Scattered families of this tribe are to be found throughout the Division but a major part of Mansehra  District

Tanawal and pakhli are their main places of their dwellings.

Besides the above mentioned tribes, Abbasi, Arrora, Dhund, karral, Kakar, Mughal, Maliar, Pani, Qureshi, Saras, Syed, Sulemani or Shalmani etc.